MENE NE ADJECTIVE?

Yau kuma darasin na mu zai yi dubi ne game da ADJECTIVE. Ɗaya daga cikin ɓangarori masu matukar muhimmanci ga nahawun turanci. Domin zai yi wahala ka samu a na turanci na tsawon minti ɗaya ko biyu ba tare da an sako wata kalma dake rukunin ADJECTIVE ba. Mai karatu ka bi a sannu, ka yi karatu a tsanake da ikon Allah za ka fahimci darasin.

Wannan darasi ya kunshi abubuwa kamar haka:

1. Mene ne adjective?
2. Rumbun kalmomi
3. Misalai

MENE NE ADJECTIVE?

Adjective wasu kalmomi ne da ake amfani da su domin siffanta wani mutum ko wani abu. Haka kuma a na amfani da adjective domin yin nuni ko ishara, haka ma a na aiki da su wajen nuna mallaka. Waɗannan bayanai da misalansu na can ƙasa a darasin nan.

Misali:

• A clever fox is hungry.
• Wata dila mai wayo na jin yinwa.
• This castle is tall.
• Wannan gidan sarautar mai tsawo ne.
• My motor car is rapide.
• Motata mai gudu ce.
• That book is blue.
• Wancan littafin shuɗine.
• Fatima is beautiful girl.
• Fatima yarinya ce mai kyau.
• Our class is noisy.
• Ajinmu surutu ake.
• A strong wind breaks some buildings.
• Wata iska mai ƙarfi ta ruguza wasu gine-gine.

A cikin misalai da ke sama kalmomin clever (mai wayo), tall (mai tsawo), rapide (mai gudu), blue (shuɗi), beautiful (mai kyau), noisy (hayaniya ko surutu) da kuma strong (mai ƙarfi) mun yi amfani da su - mun nuna siffar abubuwan da suka zo a tare da su.

RUMBUN KALMOMIN ADJECTIVE

Za mu yi ƙoƙarin raba rumbun kalmomin rukuni daban-daban. Wato launi, siffa, ishara da kuma mallaka. Ba waɗannan ne kaɗai rukunonin adjective ba, akwai wasu. Sai dai waɗannan ya kamata mai koyo ya fara koyo, kafin sauran.

1. LAUNI

• Black - baƙi ko baƙa
• White - fari ko fara
• Blue - shuɗi ko shuɗiya ko bla
• Green - kore ko koriya ko tsanwa
• Red - ja
• Yellow - ruwan ɗorowa ko ɗorawa
• Orange - ruwan lemu

2. SIFFA

1. Beautiful - mai kyau
2. Fat - jiki ko ƙiba ko teɓa
3. Thin - siriri ko mara jiki
4. Mean - mugu ko muguwa
5. Generous - mutumin kirki
6. Rich - mai kuɗi
7. Poor - talaka
8. Strong - mai ƙarfi
9. Coward - rago
10. Rapide - mai gudu
11. Tall - dogo ko doguwa
12. Short - gajere ko gajeriya
13. Clever - mai wayo

3. ISHARA

1. This - wannan
2. That - wancan
3. These - waɗannan
4. Those - waɗancan

Yanzu kuma ga bayanin su daki-daki.

THIS

This na nufin wannan. Ana amfani da wannan kalma domin nuni ko ishara ga wani abu guda ɗaya dake kusa. Kuma ba bambancin jinsi wajen aiki da wannan kalma. Abun da ake ishara garesa mace ko namiji duk ɗaya ne.

Misali:

• This ball is hissing.
• Wannan ƙwallon ta na sacewa.
• This pen is broken.
• Wannan biron karyayyene.
• This phone is expensive.
• Wannan wayar mai tsada ce.
• This is a green bicycle.
• Wannan koren keke ne.

THAT

That na nufin wancan. Ana amfani da wannan kalma domin nuni ko ishara ga wani abu guda ɗaya dake nesa. Kuma babu bambancin jinsi. Abun da ake ishara garesa ya kasance mace ce ko namiji ne duk ɗaya ne.

Misali:

• That ball has hissed.
• Wancan ƙwallon ta sace.
• That pencil is cracked.
• Wancan fensir ɗin a tsage yake.
• That telephone is cheep.
• Wancan tarhon mai arha ne.
• That is my bicycle.
• Wancan keke na ne.

THESE

These na nufin waɗannan. Wato ana amfani da wannan kalma domin nuni ko ishara ga wasu ababen da ke kusa. Kuma ana amfani da ita domin yin ishara ga jam'in mata ko maza.

Misali:

• These students are making noise.
• Waɗannan ɗaliban na surutu.
• These house were built in 2010.
• Waɗannan gidaje an gina su a 2010.
• These runners are used for running.
• Waɗannan takalman gudun ana amfani da su domin yin gudu.
• These bowls are dirty.
• Waɗannan kwanuka masu datti ne.

THOSE

Those na nufin waɗancan. Wato ana amfani da wannan kalma domin nuni ko ishara ga wasu ababen da ke nesa. Kuma ana aikin da those domin yin ishara ga jam'in mata ko maza.

Misali:

• Those people are making noise.
• Waɗancan mutanen na surutu.
• Those shops were built in 2020.
• Waɗancan shaguna an gina su a 2020.
• Those fruits are sweet.
• Waɗancan 'ya'yan itatuwa na da daɗi.
• Those animals are grazing.
• Waɗancan dabbobin na cin ciyawa.

4 MALLAKA

1. My - nawa ko tawa
2. Your - naka ko naki ko naka
3. His - nashi ko tashi
4. Her - nata ko tata
5. Its - nashi ko nata ko tata
6. Their - nasu ko tasu
7. Ours - namu ko tamu

Su ma waɗannan ga bayanin su daki-daki.

MY

My na nufin wani abu ko wasu abubuwa mallakina. Wato wani abu nawa ko tawa. Kuma a na amfani da kalmar kafin sunan abu ko abubuwan da aka mallaka.

Misali:

My car is broken down.

Motata ta samu matsala.

My pocket is empty.

Aljihuna ba komai.

My uniform is dirty.

Kayan makarantana ya yi dauɗa.

YOUR

Your na nufin wani abu ko wasu abubuwa mallakinka, mallakinki ko mallakinku. Wato naka ko naki ko naka. Your na da ma'anoni uku wajen mallaka. Na farko, YOUR na nufin naka, kai namiji mutum ɗaya. Na biyu kuma, YOUR na nufin naki ke mace guda ɗaya. Sai kuma na karshe, YOUR na nufin naku ku dayawa ku mazane ko matane. Wajen rubutu ma babu bambancin tsakanin naki, naka ko naku. Sannan kuma a na amfani da kalmar kafin sunan abun da aka mallaka ɗin.

Misali:

• Your class is the most populous.
• Ajinku shine mafi yawan ɗalibai.
• Your assignment is excellent.
• Asamen ɗinki ya yi kyau sosai.
• Your bicycle has two tyres.
• Kekenka na da tayoyi biyu.

HIS

His na nufin wani abu ko wasu ababe mallakinsa. Wato nashi ko tashi. HIS na nufin wani abu, ko wasu ababe mallakin mutum namiji shi ɗaya. Kuma a na amfani da HIS kafin sunan abun da aka mallaka.

Misali:

His dog is barking at us.

Karensa ya na mana haushi.

He washed his jeans last night.

Ya wanke wandon jins ɗinsa jiya da dare.

His was stolen by unknown.

Ba a san wanda ya sace masa waya ba.

HER

Her na nufin wani abu ko wasu ababe dayawa mallakinta. Wato nata ko tata, a na amfani da kalmar kafin sunan abun da ake mallaka.

Misali:

• Her dress at the party looks good.
• Kayan da ta sa wurin fatin su na da kyau.
• I think that is her sister.
• Ina tsammani wancan ƙanwartace.
• Amina left her school bag in her class.
• Amina ta mance jakarta a cikin ajinsu.

ITS

Its na nufin wani abu mallakinka ko mallakinki, a taƙaice nashi ko nata ko tata. Amma a nan mai mallakar ba mutum ba ne. Mai mallaka dole ya kasance abu maras hankali. Kuma a na amfani da kalmar kafin sunan abun da aka mallaka.

Misali:

• Its windscreen is covered by dust.
• Gilashin gaban motar ya cika da ƙura.
• Its brakes don't work.
• Burakunta ba sa aiki. (Buraku shine jam'in burki na mota ko babur)
• Its battery is shut down.
• Cajin batirinta ya ƙare.

THEIR

Their na nufin wani abu mallakinsu. Wato nasu ko tasu. THEIR na nufin wani abu ko wasu ababe mallakin wasu mutane - a na amfani da kalmar kafin sunan abun da aka mallaka.

Misali:

• Their march was nervous.
• Wasan da su kayi abun kunya ne.
• We will attend their wedding ceremony.
• Za mu halarci bikin aurensu.
• You can keep their secret.
• Ka na iya riƙe musu sirrinsu.

OUR

Our na nufin wani abu ko wasu abubuwa mallakinmu, wato namu ko tamu. A taƙaice OUR na nufin abun da muka mallaka, kuma a na amfani da kalmar kafin sunan abun da mu ka mallaka.

Misali:

• Our class is noisy than it was yesterday.
• Yau ajinmu surutu ake fiye da jiya
• They blasted our ball.
• Sun fasa mana ƙwallonmu.
• We will miss our chance if we are late.
• Za mu rasa damar da mu ke da idan mu ka makara.

To waɗannan kalmomi na mallaka su ma adjective ne. Adjective na da ɓangarori dadama da ya kamata a sani. Sai dai da farko mutum ya fi buƙatar waɗannan a matsayinsa na mai koyo.

MISALAI:

• The policeman was really generous.
• Ɗan sandan mutumin kirki ne.
• Halima is beautiful girl.
• Fatima yarinya ce kyakkyawa.
• Khalid is strong guy.
• Haladu matashi mai ƙarfi.
• Our English teacher is mean.
• Malamar mu ta English muguwace.
• My friend is coward.
• Abokina raggo ne.
• My neighbour is poor man.
• Maƙwabcina talaka ne.
• Our principal is rich man.
• Shugaban makarantar mu mai kuɗi ne.

Da fatan an fahimci darasin. Kai ma ka na iya ɗakko wasu kalmomi ka buga misali da su a wajen comment dake ƙasa. Mun gode da ziyartar shafin nan.